abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:To characterize the impact of multiple Institutional Review Board (IRB) reviews on multicenter observational research studies, and identify strategies for overcoming the identified challenges. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Using PubMed, we identified empirical studies, anecdotal reports, and opinion ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Greene SM,Geiger AM

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:To determine the accuracy of recently introduced International Classification of Diseases Ninth Revision (ICD-9) procedure and Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes designed for injection or infusion of thrombolytic agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We determined the accuracy of ICD-9 procedu...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Qureshi AI,Harris-Lane P,Siddiqi F,Kirmani JF

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess how trial information reported in conference abstracts differs to their subsequent full publication. METHODS:Randomized trials reported at the American Society of Clinical Oncology conference (1992) were identified. CENTRAL and PubMed (December 2002) were searched to identify corresponding full pu...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Hopewell S,Clarke M,Askie L

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:A large number of trials remain difficult to locate or unpublished for systematic reviews. The objective of this article was to determine the usefulness of making e-mail contact with authors of clinical trials and literature reviews found in MEDLINE to identify unpublished or difficult to locat...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Reveiz L,Cardona AF,Ospina EG,de Agular S

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:The prospective investigation of repetitive nonfatal suicidal behavior is associated with two methodological problems. Due to the commonly used definitions of nonfatal suicidal behavior, clinical samples usually consist of patients with a considerable between-person variability. Second, repeate...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Antretter E,Dunkel D,Osvath P,Voros V,Fekete S,Haring C

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study estimated the inter- and intraobserver reliability of a set of noninstrumented physical examination measures for knee pain in older adults. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Forty-five patients from primary care, and 13 patients from secondary care, were each examined by two out of a team of three physical...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Wood L,Peat G,Wilkie R,Hay E,Thomas E,Sim J

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:In some publications, the terms "precision" and "accuracy" are used as if they were synonyms for "reliability" and "validity." METHODS AND RESULTS:This article shows that these terms are neither precise nor accurate when used in this way. Scales can demonstrate high test-retest or interrater reliability (i.e...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Streiner DL,Norman GR

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:When contamination is present, randomization on a patient level leads to dilution of the treatment effect. The usual solution is to randomize on a cluster level, but at the cost of efficiency and more importantly, this may introduce selection bias. Furthermore, it may slow down recruitment in ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Teerenstra S,Melis RJ,Peer PG,Borm GF

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:To test unidimensionality and local independence of a set of shoulder functional status (SFS) items, develop a computerized adaptive test (CAT) of the items using a rating scale item response theory model (RSM), and compare discriminant validity of measures generated using all items (theta(IRT)...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Hart DL,Cook KF,Mioduski JE,Teal CR,Crane PK

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:The level of agreement between index and proxy respondents on assessment of health status of clinical cohorts is variable. There is limited information regarding agreement between cardiac surgery patients and their proxies, and levels of agreement examined across repeated measures. This study e...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Elliott D,Lazarus R,Leeder SR

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare methods commonly used to derive minimal important differences and recommend a rule for defining patients as clinically improved on the low back pain-specific Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). METHODS:447 primary care low back pain consulters completed a questionnaire at consultation a...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Jordan K,Dunn KM,Lewis M,Croft P

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Psychometrically sound questionnaires for the assessment of vision-related quality of life (QOL) are scarce. Therefore, the objective was to further validate two vision-related QOL questionnaires in a Dutch population of visually impaired elderly. METHODS:A total of 329 visually impaired older...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： de Boer MR,de Vet HC,Terwee CB,Moll AC,Völker-Dieben HJ,van Rens GH

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigates how voluntary changes in tobacco consumption are related to changes in biological risk factors for cardiovascular disease in 21- to 36-year-old men and women. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Data of the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study (AGAHLS) were used to study the associatio...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Bernaards CM,Twisk JW,Snel J,van Mechelen W,Kemper HC

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Clinical trials increasingly use results of diagnostic tests as surrogate outcomes. Our objective was to answer the following questions: (1) is the parameter measured by the reference standard a valid surrogate? (2) How does the tests accuracy influence the estimate of the treatment benefit on...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Kassaï B,Shah NR,Leizorovicza A,Cucherat M,Gueyffier F,Boissel JP

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To address methodologic issues in searching for observational studies by presenting database search methods and results. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Results of two literature searches for publications reporting on observational studies of alcohol consumption and the risk of breast cancer and large bowel cancer ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Lemeshow AR,Blum RE,Berlin JA,Stoto MA,Colditz GA

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:There is a growing evidence base on methods to improve response rates in surveys among patients. This study aimed to determine the additional effect of two intensive follow-up procedures compared to a simple follow-up procedure. METHODS:Randomized controlled trial that compared repeated mailin...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Wensing M,Schattenberg G

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare and contrast clinical epidemiology and population health perspectives on the role of health care in reducing socioeconomic disparities in health. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A review of concepts outlined in selected articles on population health and clinical epidemiology and a systematic literature s...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Anderson GM,Bronskill SE,Mustard CA,Culyer A,Alter DA,Manuel DG

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Response bias may affect the result of surveys with <100% response rate. We applied methods commonly used in meta-analysis to ascertain the extent to which response bias affects multiwave survey results. METHODS:To test hypotheses of between-wave similarity, we used the Cochran-Armitage test f...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Montori VM,Leung TW,Walter SD,Guyatt GH

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Hui and Walter developed a latent class approach to assess the accuracy of a diagnostic procedure when no reference test is available. Our objective was to compare sensitivity and specificity estimates obtained with this reference-free approach and standard approaches, and to examine how and wh...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Bertrand P,Bénichou J,Grenier P,Chastang C

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the effect of weight-loss interventions on health-related quality of life (HrQoL) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs); to conduct a meta-analysis of weight-loss treatment on depressive symptoms; and, to examine methodological and presentation issues that compromise study validity. STUDY DESIGN...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Maciejewski ML,Patrick DL,Williamson DF

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Methods to identify studies for systematic reviews of diagnostic accuracy are less well developed than for reviews of intervention studies. This study assessed (1) the sensitivity and precision of five published search strategies and (2) the reliability and accuracy of reviewers screening the ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Doust JA,Pietrzak E,Sanders S,Glasziou PP

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:To assess the influence of medical conditions on road traffic accidents among a cohort of middle-aged workers and pensioners. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A longitudinal study of 13,548 participants from a cohort study of French workers. Follow-up data covered the 1989-2000 period. Adjusted hazard...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Lagarde E,Chastang JF,Lafont S,Coeuret-Pellicer M,Chiron M

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:When studying the effects of a non-pharmacologic intervention, the choice of a control group is often difficult. In a study on the effectiveness of increased water intake on voiding dysfunction in elderly men we used an unusual design. This article addresses the internal validty and ethics of this design. ST...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Spigt MG,Knipschild PG,van Schayck CP,Knottnerus JA

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Exposure to ultraviolet radiation has consistently been linked to an increased risk of melanoma. Epidemiologic studies are susceptible to measurement error, which can distort the magnitude of observed effects. Although the reliability of self-report of many sun exposure factors has been previously described i...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Beane Freeman LE,Dennis LK,Lynch CF,Lowe JB,Clarke WR

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Fall risk assessment is important because the consequences, such as a fracture, may be devastating. The objective of this study was to find the test or tests that best predicted falls in a population-based sample of elderly women. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:The fall-predictive ability of a questionnaire, a sub...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Gerdhem P,Ringsberg KA,Akesson K,Obrant KJ

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This cohort study investigated potential clinical and biochemical predictors of subsequent preterm birth in women presenting with threatened preterm labor. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Subjects were 218 pregnant women admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of threatened preterm labor at 22-36 weeks gestation. Exc...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Campbell MK,Challis JR,DaSilva O,Bocking AD

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The uptake of research findings into routine health care is a haphazard and unpredictable process. The usefulness of the results of implementation studies is limited, due in part to the lack of an underlying framework of the important dimensions of research studies in this area and the healthcare settings wit...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Eccles M,Grimshaw J,Walker A,Johnston M,Pitts N

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:A method to generate hypotheses about iatrogenic risk factors and complications from administrative data was developed and tested using hospitalization of the elderly for depression as a model. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Hospital claims were selected for 30,998 elderly inpatients admitted for the first time fo...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Baine WB,Kazakova SV

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To develop a questionnaire with which to measure quality of life (QoL) in patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Thirty-two caregivers and 96 OA patients were interviewed individually (using cognitive and face-to-face techniques) and in focus groups. A group of experts worki...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Rat AC,Coste J,Pouchot J,Baumann M,Spitz E,Retel-Rude N,Le Quintrec JS,Dumont-Fischer D,Guillemin F

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:We consider the number needed to treat (NNT) when the event of interest is defined by dichotomizing a continuous response at a threshold level. If the response is measured with error, the resulting NNT is biased. We consider methods to reduce this bias. METHODS:Bias adjustment was studied usin...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Marschner IC,Emberson J,Irwig L,Walter SD

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is no population-based prospective study concerning the relation between serum albumin and mortality in a non-Western population, and few previous studies included the subgroup analysis stratified by serum cholesterol level. METHODS:A 13.7-year cohort study was conducted on 6,957 males and females age...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Okamura T,Hayakawa T,Kadowaki T,Kita Y,Okayama A,Elliott P,Ueshima H,NIPPON DATA80 research group.

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:To examine if commonly recommended assumptions for multivariable logistic regression are addressed in two major epidemiological journals. METHODS:Ninety-nine articles from the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology and the American Journal of Epidemiology were surveyed for 10 criteria: six dealing w...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Ottenbacher KJ,Ottenbacher HR,Tooth L,Ostir GV

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Two methods for measuring insulin sensitivity, fasting plasma insulin (FPI) and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) have been proposed for use in large epidemiological research and clinical practice. This project describes the range of observed values of the HOMA and FPI in a large sample of th...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Bravata DM,Wells CK,Concato J,Kernan WN,Brass LM,Gulanski BI

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:This study describes the conceptual foundation and psychometric properties of the Burden of Stroke Scale (BOSS), a patient-reported health status assessment designed to quantify the physical, cognitive, and psychological burden of stroke. METHODS:Qualitative research methods were used to devel...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Doyle PJ,McNeil MR,Mikolic JM,Prieto L,Hula WD,Lustig AP,Ross K,Wambaugh JL,Gonzalez-Rothi LJ,Elman RJ

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the use of hematocrit as a surrogate end point for survival among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients treated with epoetin. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Using United States Renal Data System (USRDS) data, we conducted an observational prospective study to analyze the relationships among epoetin d...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Cotter DJ,Stefanik K,Zhang Y,Thamer M,Scharfstein D,Kaufman J

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:In the absence of trial results that are applicable to the target population, nested case-control studies might be an alternative to full-cohort analysis. We compared relative and absolute estimates of associations in an influenza vaccine study using both designs. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Data from elderly p...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Hak E,Wei F,Grobbee DE,Nichol KL

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:In many observational studies, the association between drugs and disease is analyzed with information from a baseline interview. We investigated the magnitude and direction of exposure misclassification by comparing interview data at baseline with prospectively gathered pharmacy data. METHODS:...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Beiderbeck AB,Sturkenboom MC,Coebergh JW,Leufkens HG,Stricker BH

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To provide information concerning the magnitude of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for cluster-based studies set in primary care. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Reanalysis of data from 31 cluster-based studies in primary care to estimate intraclass correlation coefficients from random effects models u...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Adams G,Gulliford MC,Ukoumunne OC,Eldridge S,Chinn S,Campbell MJ

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to examine the proportion of men who died from prostate cancer (PrCa) vs. with PrCa and assess the comorbid conditions associated with other-cause deaths. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We identified all male decedents aged >/=65 years in Jefferson County, AL, in 1993-1995. By crossli...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Fouad MN,Mayo CP,Funkhouser EM,Irene Hall H,Urban DA,Kiefe CI

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess demographic predictors of response for specialists who were mailed a postal questionnaire on drug treatments for Alzheimer disease. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:The questionnaire was sent to 317 specialists in Quebec, Canada. Demographic variables included specialty, urban/rural practice, language, sex...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Oremus M,Wolfson C

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00